Overview

High blood pressure is often called a 'silent' condition because it usually has no symptoms but raises the risk of heart attack, stroke, and kidney disease over time.

Causes

Most cases have no single cause but are linked to age, genetics, diet, excess weight, and inactivity. Some cases stem from other conditions or medications.

Management

Lifestyle measures — reducing sodium, exercising, limiting alcohol, and managing weight — are first-line. Medication is added when needed.