Periods & Menstrual Health
Evidence-based, reassuring guides to periods and the menstrual cycle — what's normal, heavy or painful periods, PMS and PMDD, spotting, how cycles change in perimenopause, and the bleeding red flags worth checking.
The Menstrual Cycle: Phases, Hormones, and What's Normal
Understand the four menstrual cycle phases, the hormones that drive them, what counts as normal, how to track your cycle, and when to see a clinician.
Heavy Periods: Causes, When to Worry, and Treatment
An evidence-based guide to heavy periods (menorrhagia): what counts as heavy, why it happens, the iron-deficiency link, and when to see a clinician.
Period Pain: Why It Happens and How to Ease It
Why period cramps happen, evidence-based ways to relieve them, and the red-flag pain that signals endometriosis, fibroids or something urgent.
PMS vs PMDD: Symptoms, Differences, and Help
PMS and PMDD both flare in the days before your period, but PMDD is more severe. Learn the symptoms, the key differences, and what helps.
When Do Periods Stop? Perimenopause to Menopause
Periods usually stop for good around age 51, after a years-long perimenopause. Here's what's normal in the transition — and the bleeding red flag never to ignore.
Spotting Between Periods: Common Causes and When to Worry
Spotting between periods is often benign, from ovulation to contraception to perimenopause. Learn the common causes and the red flags worth checking.
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