What FSH measures
FSH is a pituitary hormone that stimulates the ovaries. As the ovaries wind down toward menopause, FSH tends to rise.
Why the test is done
Sometimes used to help assess ovarian function or investigate menopause before age 45 — but it is not needed to diagnose menopause in women over 45, because it fluctuates.
Typical reference ranges
| Band | What it may mean |
|---|---|
| Lower range | Lower FSH is typical earlier in the reproductive years, especially in the first part of the menstrual cycle. Interpretation depends heavily on where you are in your cycle. |
| Intermediate / rising | An intermediate FSH is common in perimenopause, when levels rise and fall erratically. A single reading here tells you little on its own. |
| Higher range | A persistently high FSH is consistent with the menopausal transition, when the ovaries respond less. But because it fluctuates, clinicians rely on your age, symptoms, and periods more than a single number. |
Ranges shown are typical adult values from The Menopause Society; your own lab's printed range applies to you. View source.
Frequently asked questions
What FSH level indicates menopause?
A persistently elevated FSH (often cited around 25–30 mIU/mL or higher) is consistent with menopause, but because FSH fluctuates a lot, it can't confirm menopause on its own — particularly over age 45, where diagnosis is based on symptoms and 12 months without a period.
Can one FSH test tell me if I'm in menopause?
No. FSH varies day to day and across the cycle, so a single value is unreliable. Clinicians use your age, symptoms, and menstrual pattern, and only sometimes use FSH — mainly when menopause is suspected before 45.